Phonic apparatus.



no. 678,566. Patented July la, |9o| n. Hmmm. PHONIG APPARATUS.

(Application @led Apr. 25, 1901.)

(No Model.)

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DANIL IIIGIIAM, OF WIN'II-IROP HIGHLANDS, MASSACHUSETTS.

PHDNIC FPPARATU S.

SPEGIFICATION forming' part of Letters Patent No. 678,566, dated July 16, 1 901.

Application filed April 25,1901.

To a/ZZ whom t may concern:

Beit known that I, DANIEL HIGHAM, a citizen of the United States of America, residing in Winthrop Highlands, in the county of Suffolk, State of Massachusetts, have invented Improvements inPhonic Apparatus, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to phonic apparatus 'and comprises means whereby a vibrating energy corresponding tolsound-waves can be reproduced with increased power, the object being to produce megaphonic effects from relatively microphonic conditions.

In phongraphic work the purpose of my invention is to make the engraving-stylus of the recording apparatus vibrate with greater power than if operated directly from the vibrating diaphragm responding` tc 12nd..

waves, so as to produce a record of relatively loud-speaking qualities, and to make the speaking-diaphragm of the reproducing apparatus vibrate with greater power than if operated directly from the engraved undulations upon the moving record, and so to produce a relatively loud-speaking or meganographic record from another, so that the reproduced record may have louder speaking qualities than the original. work the object of my invention is te make the vibrating energy imparted to the mic'ro- In telephonie phone of the transmitter have greater power t than the vibrating energyimparted to the dia-4 phragm by sound-waves and to make the vibrating energy corresponding to sound-waves limparted to the diaphragm of a telephonie receiver have greater power than it' operated directly from the line in the usual way, and also to make the reproduced vibrating energy of a telephone-repeater have greater power than the vibrating energy receive?. ally in connection with any phonic apparatus the purpose of my invention is to enable a vibratin g energy corresponding to sound-waves to reproduce relatively megaphonic eects or conditions.

- In this speciiication I shall call the vibrating energy desired to be reproduced with increased-power the primary vibrating energy and that reproduced the secondary vibrating energy.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 Genet sentire. 57,454. (No modem' represents diagrammatically the elements of my invention in a simple form. Fig. 2 is a similar diagram of a modification, and Fig. 8 shows the elements compounded. Figs. 4, 5, and 6 show different forms of means which may be employed in connection with my invention to respond to secondary vibrating energy, and Figs. 7, 8, and 9show different means which may be employed to respond to primary vibrating energy. p

In Fig. 1, A is a diaphragm-illustrative of means to respond to primary vibrating energy supported by a frame N, (shown in cross* sectiom) and B is a diaphragm illustrative of means to respond to secondary vibrating 1 energy supported by a frame M. C is a rollery supported by a spindle la, revolved in the dili rection of the arrow at a constant rate oili speed from any suitable source of motiva power. D is a lever having a fulcrum at one end at t and connected at the other end to the diaphragm A by'an adjustable link g. L

is a shoe bearing upon the roller O and connected by a link s to the lever D at a point i eective to obtain greater mechanical force fphonic effect, and'also to reproduce one phoupon the roller C by the shoe L, which is connected by .a link f to the diaphragm B. A right and left handed threaded nut h serves for adjustment of the link g to obtain such l retractile pull by the diaphragm A upon the 4 lever D as will give the desired pressure of shoe L upon the roller C.

The operation is as follows: The tensional pnll exerted by the diapragm A through the adjustable link g upon the lever D, obtained in the present instance by proper adjustment of screw-nut h, will cause the lever D to er; erta pressure through link s and shoe L upon roller C of several times the amount of pull exerted by diaphragm A upon lever D through link g, and the steady rotation ot' roller C, driven from a suitable source of motive power, will act upon shoe L by resultant friction therewith to pull the diaphragm B through the linklf to a position where the retractile pull of diaphragm B will just overvariation in pressure of the shoe L upon the roller C, avresultant variation in position IOO of the diaphragm B, as will be readily understood, and inasmuch as the leverage of lever D is such as to cause the pressure of shoe L upon roller C to be several times the tensionalkpull exerted by the diaphragm A it follows that with a frictional coefficient of 1 for the shoe L upon roller C the frictional pull exerted upon the diaphragm B-wiil be several times the pull exerted by the diaphragm A or as the ratio of Aincreased leverage of lever D. It will therefore be readily understood that a primary vibrating energy corresponding to sound-waves set up at the primary end of the lever D by diaphragm A will cause a secondary vibrating energy of several times the power to be set up at diaphragm B.

In Fig. 2 I show the shoe' L as extending partly around roller C and as faced with cloth or other suitable material y to prevent squeakin-gsounds which may result from the "friction necessitated by the rotation of the roller C. This extending of the shoe L is to `secure by-mechanical bite the necessary coefficient of friction which the cloth might not otherwise effect. A'modiflcation of lever D and position of its fulcrum t' are also shown, which will be readily understood. In this vfigure I show the link s as leaning slightly back of the radial line (shown in dashes) in vrelation to direction of rotation of the relier C. This I have found to be desirable for good working of the apparatus.

In Fig. 3 I have shown the elements of my invention 4as compounded, there being an additional roller C on a spindle 7c of larger proportion, a shoe L2 and cloth y', a lever D2 on fulcrum td, and alink s2, whereby the alreadyincreased vibrating energy set up at the shoe L3, which acts on roller C, will be taken up by lever D2 and transmitted to shoe L2 and again reproduced with still further increased vibrating energy, as-.will also be readily understood.

The primary vibrating energy of my invention may be set up by vocal sounds spoken directly against diaphragm A, or it may be set up by the magnetic effect of an undulating electrical current corresponding to soundwaves, or it may be set up bythe inscribed undulations upon a moving phonographic `record corresponding to sound-waves, while the secondary vibrating energy may be made to produce sound-waves direffly from .the vibration of the diaphragm B, or 1t may be made to produce undulations of an electrical current corresponding to sound-waves, or it may 1be made to inscribe the undulations upon a moving phonographic record, all of which I have illustrated in the drawings by Figs. fl, 5, 6, 7, 8, and 9.

In Fig. 4c the diaphragm B, frame M, and a portion of the link f shown in Fig. l are shown, with the same letters of reference in connectionl with a horn P, as constituting `means whereby the vibrating energy of my invention may be made to produce sounderases waves for loud-speaking effects, as will be readily understood.

In Fig. 5 the diaphragm B, frame` M, and portion of link f are shown,witl1 the 'same letters of reference as in Fig. l, in connection with an inclosing frame O, supporting granulated carbon S between the diaphragm B and a plate R in circuit Q with battery T and the primary side of an induction-coil NV, having secondary terminals V, running to a telephonic line, as constituting means whereby the secondary vibrating energy of my invention may be made to produce undulating electrical currents corresponding t0 sound-waves.

In Fig. 6 the diaphragm B, frame M, and portion of link f are shown, in connection with a blank phonographic cylinder Q, revolved around an axis U in the direction of the arrow and advanced by any usual means against a cutting-stylus X, supported for clearness of illustration by diaphragm B, as constituting means whereby the secondary vibrating energy of my invention may be made to produce a phonographic record.

In Fig. 7 the diaphragm A, frame N, and portion of link g of Fig. l are shown with the same letters of reference in connection with a speaking-tube II, whereby the primary vibrating energy of my invention may be imparted to the diaphragm A by sound-waves entering tube H.

In Fig. 8 the diaphragm A, frame N, and portion of link g are shown,in connection with a well-known form of ltelephonie receivermagnet G, to operate magnetically upon the diaphragm A, whereby primary vibrating energy may be imparted to the diaphragm A by undulations of current corresponding to sound-waves iiowing through coil J, having terminals V running to the line;

In Fig. 9 the diaphragm A, frame N, and portion of link g are shown,in connection with a recorded phonographic cylinder Q,revolved around an axis U in the direction of the arrow and advanced by usual means against a tracing-stylus I, supported by the diaphragm A, whereby primary vibrating energy may be imparted to the diaphragm A or primary end of lever D by the inscribed undulations corresponding to sound-waves upon the moving.

record.

As the secondary vibrating energy of my invention will be several times more powerful than .the primary vibrating energy, it will now be readily understood that a phonographic record of relatively loud-speaking qualities can be produced from sound-waves by the use of primary means, such as shown in Fig. 7, and secondary means, such as shown in Fig. 6, or a phonographic record can be reproduced from another, so as to give louder speaking qualities than the original, vif de-v sired, by the use of the primary means shown in Fig. 9 and secondary means shown in Fig. 6, while the use of primary means, such as shown in Fig. 9, and secondary means, such as shown in Fig. 4, will produce loud-speak- IOO ing phonographic effects. The use of the devices shown in Figs. 7 and 5 will give a powerful telephonie transmitter. The use of the means shown in Figs. 8 and 4 will give a loud-speaking telephonic receiver, while the devices shown in Figs. Sand 5 will constitute a telephonie repeater. .i

To successively reproduce'tne overtones of vocal or instrumental sounds in connection with this invention, it is advisable that the coefficient of friction of the frictional contact upon the moving surface should not be much, if any, more than one, or, in other words, the frictional force set up by the moving surface should not be more, if any, than the pressure holding the parts in contact, otherwise a tendencyof instability of contact may take place, which will completely destroy many, if not all, of the overtones and reproduce only the fundamental tones, so as to greatly impair, if

not destroy, the usefulness of the apparatus.

It will be seen from this thatif the primary vibrating force were made use of directly to vary the pressure of the frictional means without the intervention of a lever no great secondary vibrating force would be produced if the coefficientv of friction were 1, since the frictional vibrating force set up would in this case only equal the vibrating force set up at the primary vibrating means. The vital element of my invention, ,therei'cmyis the lever means connected between the primary vibrating means'and the frictional means,V whereby the frictional vibrating force can be increased as lthe ratio ot' the increased mechanical force of the lever means with a co'- y efficient of 1.

It will be apparent that various modifications of the'precise form of construction herein shown and described may be made without departing from the scope of my invention and that any number of frictional means may be used compoundedly.

I claim as my invention;-

1. In an apparatus for reproducing, with increased'power, a vibrating energy corresponding to sound-Waves, the combination of a lever means, effective of increased mechan ical force, with a primary vibrating means actuating said lever means, a frictional means controlled by said primary means through said lever means, and a secondary vibrating means actuated by said frictional means, substantially as and for the purpose described.

2. In an apparatus for reproducing, with increased power, a vibrating energy corresponding to sound-waves, the combination of lever means and frictional means compounded, with primary vibrating means actuating said compounded means, and secondary vibrating mean-s actuated by said compounded means, substantially as and for the purpose described.

In testimony whereof l have signed my lname to this specication in the presence of two subscribing witnesses. y

DANIEL HIGl-IAM.

Witnesses:

A. N. BoNNEY, E; T. HIGHAM.4 

